In order to solve traffic problems, governments should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution?
SAMPLE ESSAY:
It is widely believed that to resolve traffic-related issues, heavy taxes should be imposed on owners of private vehicles, and these sums of money could be better spent on the improvements in the public transport system. There are several merits and demerits of such a remedy , which I will further explain in the following essay.
On the one hand, the imposition of taxes on private automobile owners could bring substantial benefits. First, if the money obtained is well spent on upgrading and maintaining public transport, many environmental problems might be alleviated . This is because public buses, trains or other similar means of transport usually do not release as much exhaust as personal vehicles do. Thanks to this, air pollution would be greatly minimized, thus improving the air quality in many metropolitan regions. Second, the supply of money from private car taxes could be utilized to construct public transport systems in many poor or far-flung areas. This, in turn, can significantly facilitate movements of people as well as goods and services and life would be far more convenient.
On the other hand, several problems might arise from the application of this solution, one of which could be the financial burden shouldered by the people who do not have enough access to public transportation. This can be seen in the countryside or remote areas where public transport systems are still not popular, and the inhabitants would mainly choose cars as their primary modes of transport. Furthermore, the automotive industry may be adversely affected if heavy taxes are imposed upon private vehicles. More precisely, if these taxes do come into effect, possibly fewer people will decide to purchase a car. Consequently, fewer job opportunities would be created in car manufacturers, together with the reduction in profits, and this could lead to the downfall of the whole economic sector.
In conclusion, I believe that the introduction of taxes on private car owners can be both advantageous and disadvantageous. It can hugely benefit the living environment as well as allow easier movement for many people from place to place while building up more pressure for countryside dwellers and the automotive industry.
VOCABULARY
impose (v): áp đặt (thuế, luật lệ, …)
merit (n): lợi điểm
demerit (n): khuyết điểm
remedy (n): giải pháp
automobile (n): ô tô
substantial (adj): đáng kể
alleviate (v): làm giảm nhẹ (một vấn đề, ...)
utilize (v): tận dụng
far-flung (adj): xa xôi (nói về một nơi chốn)
facilitate (v): đơn giản hóa
shoulder (v): gánh vác trên vai (nghĩa bóng)
adversely (adv): một cách tiêu cực
downfall (n): sự sụp đổ
STRUCTURES
ADVANCED RELATIVE CLAUSE:
S + V, one/two/several/some/… of whom (for humans)/which (for other objects) + V
E.g: On the other hand, several problems might arise from the application of this solution, one of which could be the financial burden…
BRAINSTORMING
Body 1: Advantages of taxes from private car owners being spent on public transport improvements
discourage the use of personal vehicles → less exhaust and other poisonous gas released into the environment → improve the air quality
more public transport systems built in rural areas → make movements of people, goods and services easier → make life more convenient
Body 2: Disadvantages of taxes from private car owners being spent on public transport improvements
a lack of public transportation in remote areas → people can only use private vehicles → financial burden placed on them
fewer people would buy cars → fewer jobs and profits in the automotive industry → the downfall of the whole economic sector
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